Your guide for when cars collide. How to prepare and what to do after a car accident.
Nobody ever plans to be in a car crash. That’s why it’s called an accident, after all. But even though it’s not in your plans, that doesn’t mean you can’t be prepared — just in case.
Take the panic out of what can be a high-stress situation by understanding the different types of car collisions that can occur, which steps to take right afterward and what to do in the following days to ensure the situation is handled properly.
Most Common Causes of Car Crashes Include:
Source: World Health Organization
Speeding
Driving under the influence
Non-use of seat belts
Distracted driving
Do your best to avoid a crash with a refresher on defensive driving.
Do your best to avoid a crash with a refresher on defensive driving.
Immediately After a Collision
Assist anyone injured
- Check with those involved in the collision to determine whether there are injuries. If medical attention is needed, call 911.
Control the scene
- Stay at the scene of the crash. Get to a safe place, out of the way of oncoming traffic, while waiting for emergency services to arrive.
- If your vehicle is drivable, safely move to the right or left breakdown lane. Some states require drivable vehicles to be removed from the roadway to avoid traffic congestion and dangerous maneuvers from other drivers.
- Turn on your hazard lights and set out warning flares or reflective triangles. It’s a good idea to always keep a well-equipped emergency kit in your car for situations like this.
Once It Is Safe
Notify the police and submit a report
- You are required to notify the police of a car crash. No matter what either party says, call the police and file a report.
- Having a report on file may help later if a liability claim is filed.
Document the scene and exchange information
It is important to exchange and gather information with all parties involved in the crash, including witnesses. Having this on file will help with any future paperwork or address potential problems. AAA suggests documenting the following:
- The names of those involved.
- Addresses and/or email addresses.
- Vehicle information, including make, model and year, for all cars involved.
- Vehicle identification and/or license plate numbers for all cars involved.
- Driver’s license numbers for drivers involved.
- Insurance carriers and policy numbers for drivers involved.
- Photos of the location, people involved and damaged vehicles.
If you are involved in a crash with an unattended vehicle or property, take action to inform the owner. If you can’t find the owner, attach a written notice of the collision to the vehicle or property, being sure to include your contact information. Leaving a crash, no matter how minor, is considered a hit-and-run and is punishable by fines and possible jail time in some states.
If your car won’t start or needs to be towed, contact AAA Roadside Assistance or use the AAA Mobile app to request services.
After Leaving the Scene
File a claim
- You should notify your insurer as soon as possible to start the proper claim filing and get car repair and any medical expenses sorted right away.
- Whether you file your claim by phone, online or by app, you should have your policy information on hand.
- Be prepared to provide details of the crash, including the date, time, parties involved and any injuries incurred.
- Don’t be afraid to ask questions, especially if it concerns your policy and deductibles.
Get your vehicle repaired
- You have the right to get your vehicle repaired by a mechanic of your own choosing.
- In addition to the facilities suggested by your insurance company, consider a quality AAA Approved Auto Repair facility. AAA’s network of repair facilities is inspected annually, and each is vetted for affordability, expertise, cleanliness and more. There are hundreds in the Northeast and thousands across the country, so they can help no matter where the crash occurs.
Be patient
- Be prepared to assume legal and financial responsibility after a car crash. Resist letting your emotions get in the way of deciding who is at fault and never let yourself be pressured into admitting fault. If you feel it’s necessary, you can consult with an attorney before giving a statement.
Take care of your injuries
- In the aftermath of a crash, we often think about costly car repairs, but tending to injuries should also be top of mind. Keep up with appointments such as physical therapy, rest when advised and listen to your doctors. If any changes in your medical care are recommended, communicate these with your insurance carrier as well.
Unless the crash you were involved in can be considered no-doubt liability or you live in a no-fault state, there will likely be a process you and your insurance company go through to determine who is at fault.
Determining Fault After a Car Crash
“Typically, when a collision happens, the first line of defense is self-reporting,” advised Greg Smolan, vice president of insurance operations with AAA Northeast. “When the police are called, they’ll do an accident report that then goes to the insurance adjuster. Usually, the way the report is written will give you a determination of who was probably in the wrong.”
In many cases, bystanders have a part in determining who’s ultimately at fault.
“If I’m an adjuster. I’ll look at the police report, take statements from our driver and get their version of events,” Smolan said. “If there are any witnesses, I’d even call them for a statement. But we also have traffic cams now.”
Smolan said dashcams can be a great tool in the event of a crash.
“Certainly, if you’re in a collision and you’re trying to determine fault, a dashcam is video proof just like a traffic cam,” he said. “It’s totally valid.”
Essentially, if you’re trying to build a case, accumulating proof with photos, witnesses and the police report are your best bet.
“You may still technically be at fault,” said Smolan. “But at least you’ve produced as much evidence as you can to the contrary.”
No-Fault Insurance
Some drivers mistakenly think that no-fault means that no party will be blamed for an accident, but that’s not the case.
In states with no-fault laws, each driver is required to file a claim with their own insurance company after a crash if they are injured. Personal injury protection pays for medical expenses and lost wages, regardless of fault.
While blame isn’t used to determine who pays for your injuries, it is still determined for property damage, with the at-fault driver still responsible for vehicle repairs. Blame is determined by insurance adjusters, so that each insurance company compensates its own policyholders for the costs of minor injuries, regardless of who was at fault. The idea is for policyholders to get paid quicker and ultimately reduce the cost of auto insurance by taking small claims out of the courts.
Not every state has a no-fault system. In the Northeast, only Massachusetts, New Jersey and New York have no-fault laws.
Uninsured Motorist Coverage
In addition to liability, collision or comprehensive coverage, uninsured motorist coverage offers you protection from an at-fault driver who has no auto insurance coverage whatsoever.
In 2023, 1 in 7 drivers were traveling on the road without any type of vehicle insurance, according to the Insurance Research Council. If you’re hit by a driver with no insurance — or worse, you’re the victim of a hit-and-run crash — you get stuck with the bill for vehicle damage, medical expenses, lost time at work and a host of unexpected, accident-related expenses.
The following states require all drivers to purchase uninsured motorist insurance: Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, Maryland, New York, Rhode Island and Vermont. In other states, such as Delaware, it is automatically included in drivers’ insurance policies, and dropping it requires a driver to reject the coverage in writing.
Collision vs. Comprehensive
Collision coverage protects your vehicle should it strike another object like a wall, tree or vehicle. It’s optional under state law but is often a requirement for anyone financing a vehicle. Some drivers who carry collision coverage consider dropping it when the cost of the protection exceeds the value of their vehicles.
Comprehensive coverage, on the other hand, is optional but often a requirement for drivers who finance a vehicle.
“Think of comprehensive coverage as the coverage for damage to your vehicle that happens from anything other than a collision,” said Ashley Kehew, director of insurance sales at AAA Northeast. “It covers fire, theft, vandalism, flood and glass. Beyond that, it also covers if a tree falls on your vehicle, or if you were to hit an animal, like a deer.”
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