Put your arms up! Sometimes there’s no better thrill than a roller coaster ride – and if you’ve never been on one, you’ve at least stared at one in terror.

But did you ever wonder where they come from? How did we get the idea to send people around a twisty track for fun? Roller coaster history goes back farther than you may think: Since before that apple hit Isaac Newton on the head, we’ve been playing with gravity.

Russian Mountains

Considered to be the forefathers of the modern roller coaster, the Russian Mountains of the 16^th and 17^th centuries were tall wooden slides covered in ice and snow. These slides could be as high as 70 feet, and people would use ordinary sleds (or ice blocks) to slide down. Catherine the Great even had a Russian Mountain custom-built for one of her residences. At some point, carts with wheels were added so that people could enjoy the “mountains” no matter the time of year or climate. In the 1800s, Russian Mountains became popular even outside of Russia and spread across Europe, becoming especially beloved in France.

The First Coasters

There is some dispute over what counts as the “first roller coaster.” There’s even a rumor that the first coaster was the previously-mentioned Russian mountain commissioned by Catherine the Great. Some believe roller coaster history began with the 1817 Les Montagnes Russes a Belleville, or “The Russian Mountains of Belleville,” that had two tracks with carts attached so that the cars could “race” each other. Others believe it was the 1817 Promenades Aeriennes, or “The Aerial Walk.” Its 600-foot track could send carts at speeds of up to 40 miles per hour. It had a pair of complete-loop tracks, which meant that the tracks could circle around and finish at the place where it had started. It also had carts that were locked to the tracks and even featured a lift mechanism, which premiered some time after the ride first opened.

Roller Coaster History in America

America’s first coaster-like attraction was Pennsylvania’s Mauch Chunk Switchback Railroad, which opened in 1873. The Mauch Chunk Switchback Railroad was a repurposed coal mine that took visitors on a leisurely journey up the side of a mountain before dropping them back down for a rollicking ride powered only by the terrifying rush of gravity. It was a pretty long ride, too, at over 18 miles. Let’s hope people were holding onto their hats.

In 1884, LaMarcus A. Thompson opened the Gravity Switchback Railway at Coney Island. It wasn’t built into the side of a mountain – rather, it was a wooden structure where guests sat on benches and traveled back and forth down a series of gentle hills. It was five cents per ride, traveled just over 6 miles per hour and was a massive success. The popularity of the Gravity Switchback Railway led to a proliferation of switchback railway style roller coasters across the country.

You might think that roller coasters with inversions are a modern invention, but that’s not exactly the case. In 1899, one of America’s first vertical-looping roller coasters, the Flip Flap Railway, was invented by Lina Beecher. It operated for only three seasons in Coney Island, since the incredibly intense G-force caused some riders to injure their necks or even faint. This is thought to have been caused by the completely circular vertical loops – modern-day coasters have more teardrop-shaped loops for a less intense effect. Though others at the time tried to improve on the design, people eventually stopped producing vertical-looping coasters until the mid-70s.

As coasters became more popular, the pace of innovation surged. Roller coasters shifted away from scenic rides and leaned more into producing excitement and thrills, thanks in large part to the underfriction design patented in 1919 by John Miller. This design allowed for vehicles to lock to the tracks with less friction, leading to safer and faster rides.

The early 1900s, especially the period from 1919-1929, are a golden age on the roller coaster history timeline, as new wooden coasters and coaster designs were regularly produced until the Great Depression. During this golden age, over 2,000 roller coasters were built, though few of them survive today. The 1927 Cyclone at Coney Island is a notable survivor from this period.

Modern Roller Coasters

One of the first big breakthroughs in modern coaster design happened at the happiest place on Earth. Disneyland’s Matterhorn Bobsleds, which opened in 1959, introduced a tubular steel track which allowed the roller coaster to bend and loop without the limits of a wooden coaster track. It was designed as a collaboration between Arrow Development and WED Imagineering. Arrow Development went on to become a major designer and manufacturer in the roller coaster world.

Roller coasters experienced a resurgence in popularity in the 1970s, when the Racer at Kings Island was featured on a 1973 episode of The Brady Bunch. A 1977 film called “Rollercoaster” also cemented the roller coaster’s place in popular culture.

In 1975, the first modern coaster with a vertical loop opened at Knott’s Berry Farm. This steel coaster, featuring a corkscrew design, led to the proliferation of coasters with vertical loops.

Over the years, people have continued to design and iterate new roller coaster features for riders to enjoy. Today, roller coasters can loop-the-loop, spin you around, dangle your feet, imitate motorcycles, stand you up, go backwards and even incorporate augmented reality elements. The next time you get on a roller coaster and strap in, remember that it all started with an ice slide.

Do you have a favorite roller coaster? Do you prefer steel or wooden coasters? Tell us in the comments below. 

If you like roller coasters, you might enjoy more theme park stories. 

Getting behind the wheel of a  is always an exciting experience, but that new car smell can’t mask any major defects the vehicle may have. If you find your vehicle has a significant problem that cannot be fixed, you may have a lemon. But lemon laws can be confusing and are different in every state. To help navigate you through the process, here is a step-by-step guide on what to do if your car is a lemon.

What Is a Lemon?

Lemons are cars that have manufacturing problems or defects that substantially impair their use, value or safety and cannot be fixed after a reasonable number of repair attempts. “Substantial” impairment means the issue must affect a vehicle’s use or safety on the road. (A damaged air conditioner would not fall under lemon law protection, faulty brakes would.) The damage also must be a manufacturer default and not the result of a driver’s use or abuse of the vehicle.

Each state has their own standards for qualifying lemon cars. In most states, the lemon law only applies to new cars, but some states allow used cars to be qualified as well. Certain states have specific requirements for how old a car can be or how many miles it’s been driven. Others will specify the minimum number of repair attempts needed. Each state’s lemon law statutes can be found on the Better Business Bureau website.

You can also do research to determine if other drivers have had problems with the same car model as you and if there have been any recalls on the vehicle. The National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration records all complaints, investigations and recalls for a specific model. The status of your personal car can be checked by entering its unique vehicle identification number. The NHTSA site will inform you if your car has any recall defects that have not been repaired.

You can also check AAA.com for all the latest information on vehicle recalls.

What to Do if Your Car Is a Lemon 

Gather Records

If you believe your vehicle classifies as a lemon, it is critical that you keep detailed records of all the events surrounding your car’s defect. Should you need to go to court over your case, this is the only way to prove that you have tried to get your vehicle fixed. Documentation should include records of repair attempts, dates of when issues with the car arose and any correspondence with the manufacturer or dealer.

Contact Manufacturer

The first step in getting your refund is contacting the manufacturer in writing. Make sure to include all the information you have compiled as well as a timeline of events including when you bought your car, when the problems arose, when you informed the dealer of the problem, when you took it to them for repairs and the result. You can find template letters online, such as this one from Consumer Affairs.

Go to Arbitration

If you are not offered a settlement you find satisfactory, you will have to take legal action. Most states require that lemon law cases go to arbitration before they reach the court system. You can file and go through arbitration on your own, but you may still want to hire an attorney. Manufacturers employ teams of attorneys that deal with lemon law cases regularly, so it can help to have a professional on your side. Additionally, if you win your case, the manufacturer is liable for your attorney fees.

In arbitration, you and the manufacturer present evidence about the condition of the vehicle to an impartial person (the arbitrator). If the arbitrator agrees that your vehicle is a lemon, you will be awarded a replacement vehicle or full refund (minus the use allowance and the amount of any previous settlement from the manufacturer). However, if the arbitrator rules against you, there will be no award. Arbitration rulings are final, but most states allow either party to appeal the decision. An appeal would push the case to court, where it will now be decided by a judge using the same arguments made in arbitration.

Preventing a Lemon Car Purchase

Of course, the best way of avoiding the arduous task of getting a lemon car refund is never having a lemon car in the first place. The catch is that you will rarely ever know you have a lemon until after you purchase it. So how do you prevent it?

If you are purchasing a new vehicle, you want to make sure the car wasn’t subjected to a recall. Federal law prohibits selling a new car that is under a recall and has not been fixed. That doesn’t mean it can’t happen though. Make sure to look up the make and model on the NHTSA website, and if it was recalled, have the dealership prove that the problem was fixed.

Unfortunately, used cars can be sold while under a current recall. There also may be past recalls on the car that was never addressed. When buying a used car, enter the car’s VIN number to see if all past and present damages have been corrected. You should also research the car’s history report using a service such as CARFAX. These reports will provide not only recall information but any major accidents, structural damage, service history, and, most importantly, if the car was ever labeled a lemon.

The AAA Auto Buying Program is also a good resource for finding and purchasing a vehicle. Learn more.

If you feel confident in the vehicle, you’ll still want to take all the usual car-buying steps. This includes inspecting the interior and exterior of the car, test driving it on both local roads and highways, and taking it to a third-party mechanic for inspection.

Whether your car turns out to be a lemon or not, you’ll always need to protect it. To learn more about AAA auto insurance, get a quote or contact an agent, visit AAA.com/Insurance. 

Life is about the journey, and traveling by RV or boat is a unique way to make the most of it. When you are ready to break away from the everyday, these recreational vehicles provide the sense of freedom that comes with operating on your own time and can get you to places an ordinary car might not be able to.

Keep your mind clear while out on the open water or road by knowing you have the right insurance. Speak to a AAA Insurance agent to find out more about a specialized boat or RV policy that works for you.

Boat Insurance

One of the first questions a new boat owner might have is if they should purchase insurance. If you lease or finance a boat, the lending institution will require you to do so. If you own your boat outright and your state does not require liability coverage, there are still many reasons why specialty boat insurance is recommended.

Marinas often request proof of insurance before allowing you to rent a dock or boat slip. Even if you don’t plan to contract with a marina, boat insurance is a wise investment in order to have sufficient protection for yourself, your passengers and your watercraft. Listing a boat on your homeowners policy will only provide limited coverage.

Regardless of if it’s a sailboat, speedboat or other vessel, being out on the water poses unique risks such as hitting a pier, dock, buoy or other boats. Beyond collision, someone may suffer an injury, or your boat may fall victim to vandalism, fire or theft. With the proper coverage, you can be insured for medical costs, bodily injury, and property liability and damage to your boat and equipment, as well as to others. While customizing your policy to your needs, you should also go over exclusions with your insurance agent.

When discussing your boat insurance quote, be prepared to share as much information as possible about your boat usage and storage as well as descriptive information such as the age, type, length, horsepower and value.

RV Insurance

Whether you are traveling to a favorite campground or exploring a series of small towns, RVing comes with special insurance needs.

More than a vehicle, an RV is a home while you travel or may even be your permanent residence. Even the electronics within an RV differ from a typical vehicle. You may have outfitted your camper with a satellite dish and more expensive sound equipment that need protection. When selecting RV insurance, your premium will differ if you live in your RV versus using it for trips, as full-time RVers need coverage similar to a homeowners policy.

Moreover, consider the amount and types of personal property that you will be storing in your RV as you travel and speak to your agent to make sure your policy is crafted to provide the coverage you’re expecting in the event of a loss.

RV insurance should provide you with liability coverage for bodily injury and property. This covers costs if you cause damage to another vehicle or cause an injury during an accident. RV owners may also be liable for claims from guests and should make sure their policies are designed to cover injuries and property damage that occur in your RV as well as on your campsite.

Because of the amount of time spent on the road, another important feature of RV insurance is total loss replacement coverage if your RV is totaled in an accident. You might prefer a policy that provides you with the replacement value of the RV – a new, comparable RV – instead of the “actual cost” or depreciated value. (Depending on the type of boat, you should also look into this on a boat policy.)

Also ask about emergency expense allowances. If you break down, you will want to know if you are paying for food and lodging coverage in your premium.

Enjoy the freedom of boating and RVing with complete peace of mind. Learn more about investing in RV and boat insurance with AAA. 

Calling Bath a best-kept secret may be a bit misleading.

The city is one of the 10 most visited places in Britain each year, a World Heritage Site dubbed one of the “great spa towns of Europe.” But for those of us here on the other side of the pond, destinations such as London or Dublin or Glasgow steal the tourist thunder. For many Americans, the city of Bath is an afterthought, at best.

And that’s a shame because in some ways, Bath represents some of the most fascinating aspects of Britain all rolled into one. Of course, there’s the beauty of the English countryside and River Avon. But more to the point, Bath is a city where ancient and historic cultures intersect.

The city is just an hour’s drive from prehistoric Stonehenge. It’s near the site of the Battle of Badon, where King Arthur defeated the Anglo-Saxons. And it was in Bath in 973 that Edgar of England was crowned king in a ceremony that became the template for all future coronations. And we haven’t even gotten to the 11th century yet.

But let’s start with the reason Bath is called Bath in the first place: the Roman occupation.

Temple Spa  

After Rome conquered Britain in 43 A.D., its soldiers were soon drawn to the area’s natural hot springs. By 100 A.D., a religious and spa complex, dedicated to Minerva and the Celtic goddess Sulis, was erected.

The Romans kept adding to the spa, building out the complex and city for the next 300 years. The Roman Baths remaining today are stunningly well preserved, offering a full glimpse of its scope and sophistication.

The Great Bath is the spa’s centerpiece, a swimming pool-sized hot tub flanked by columns, with a roof overhead. There were also separate areas for hot baths, warm baths and cold baths, and the customary “laconicum,” a super-intense sauna.

The accompanying museum tells a crystal-clear tale of the city’s origins, glory and downfall. You can even sample the spring water in the spa’s Pump Room. I have to warn you, though, it’s not very tasty.

Ancient history wasn’t the first thing that struck me about the city of Bath though, oddly enough. It was how the city was laid out and built up in the 18th- and 19th centuries.

Neoclassical Design 

Bath as it is now was constructed mostly during a 100-year era known as the Georgian period. And there’s a breathtaking homogeny to the city’s skyline unlike anything I’ve seen.

Essentially, what gives the city of Bath its distinctive appearance is its color. Many of the buildings were constructed with the same locally sourced golden stones and feature similar flourishes. And most of the streets, parks and buildings were laid out by John Wood, the Elder, an 18^th century English architect.

Maybe that’s why Bath – not just the Roman Baths but the entire city – is named a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the only such city in the United Kingdom.

When you scan the city’s terraced horizon, it’s difficult to tell where one row of buildings end and another begin. Watching the sun set over the city is incredible, with oranges and purples mixing with Bath’s own honey-hued skyline.

Day Tripping to the Stone Age

John Wood, the Elder, was also notable for being the first person to map out Stonehenge, the iconic stone circle constructed between 3000 and 2000 B.C.

Wood surveyed Stonehenge in 1740, publishing an account with hundreds of painstaking measurements in the footnotes. And his survey stands as an important archaeological document today: It includes areas of stones which collapsed just 50 years later, in 1797.

Stonehenge is a popular day trip from Bath, given its proximity. And both Bath and Stonehenge are popular day trips for tourists in London looking for a change of scenery. It’s well worth the trip.

Bath is a living history lesson, a compressed account of Britain from the Druids to the Romans to King Arthur to Jane Austen (one of its most notable residents) to WWII. And there are landmarks I haven’t even mentioned, such as Bath Abbey, founded in the 7th century, and Pulteney Bridge, built in the 18th century with shops on both sides (pictured below).

But even if you disregard all of its history, the city is beautiful in its own right. Its public parks, especially Royal Victoria Park, should be part of any day-trip itinerary.

Add it all up and Bath truly is a timeless place, as historic as it is seductive, as cultural as it is idyllic.

Take the hassle out of travel and book an adventure today with AAA Travel.

What’s your favorite “best-kept secret” spot? Let us know in the comments below.

Getting outside to enjoy some fresh air and nice weather while firing up the grill is an iconic summer pastime. And while there’s nothing wrong with throwing some burgers over the coals, you can easily turn a standard cookout into a day to remember by having fun with different barbecue theme ideas.

You can find inspiration from other countries and eating styles and let it influence your barbecue’s food and drinks. Then, go all-out with decorations, music and games that complement the theme.

Mexican Barbecue 

Try barbecue versions of tasty Mexican dishes and serve them up with refreshing drinks like aguas frescas, horchata or margaritas.

Traditionally, Mexican barbacoa is made with beef, goat or sheep. It’s generously seasoned before being slowly cooked with steam, making for meat that’s equally tender and flavorful. Cook your barbacoa on the grill and use it to make tacos, burritos or simply enjoy it as is.

Tostada means “toasted” in Spanish, and it’s like a little pizza on a tortilla. Make your tostadas with browned ground beef or grill up some chicken. You can also use the grill to toast your tortillas and cook vegetables to add a hint of smoky flavor.

Quesadillas are super easy and customizable. Precook your meat of choice or make a vegetarian quesadilla with refried beans, cheese and veggies like onion, peppers and tomatoes. Add other ingredients like rice and beans, then simply lay out your ingredients between two tortillas and toast each side on the grill until everything is warm and the cheese is melted.

When it comes to topping and garnishes, have guacamole, salsa and sour cream on hand, along with fresh-chopped cilantro.

Korean Barbecue

Korea has its own version of barbecue that you can make at home. Try bulgogi, a marinated grilled beef, or barbecue beef short ribs, aka kalbi. Both are prepared with a similar marinade made of flavorful ingredients like garlic, ginger and green onion.

Grill your meat to your liking, tuck it into a lettuce or radish wrap and enjoy with dipping sauces made with chili paste, sesame oil and soy sauce. Serve with rice and sides like fish cakes, kimchi and pickled vegetables.

Accompany your meal with a Korean spirit like soju. There’s also sikhye, a sweet rice beverage that’s typically enjoyed for dessert.

Surf and Turf 

Pair seafood with your favorite cut of red meat for a coastal, surf and turf-themed barbecue. Grill your meat as you usually would along with a few shrimp or scallops (use skewers to make flipping easier), or steam fresh clams in your grill.

Try a spin on the classic with a surf and turf burger. And if you’re more into the surf than the turf, make pasta for a seafood linguine.

When serving seafood, make sure you have plenty of butter and lemon juice on hand. Enjoy your surf and turf with tropical beverages like a mai tai, piña colada or tequila sunrise.

AAA members can save with discounts on Stock Yards and Omaha Steaks.

Grilled Pizza Party 

This is a fun and easy barbecue theme idea. You may not realize that you can grill pizza, but it’s as easy as buying or making dough, deciding on a sauce (red or white) and choosing your toppings. It cooks up quickly and is always a crowd-pleaser.

Heat your grill so that you have medium-high heat on one side and medium heat on the other. Then, stretch out the dough and place it directly on the grates on the hotter side (or on a pre-heated pizza stone). Once you see crosshatching on the bottom of the dough, flip and move it to the cooler side of the grill and add your toppings. Close the grill for a minute or so to let the cheese melt.

Smaller pies and flatbreads are even easier to make on the grill – and everyone can get their own pie with personalized toppings. Pair you pizza with drinks like a bellini, spritz veneziano or wine.

Vegetarian Barbecue

Though meat might be the first thing that comes to mind when one thinks of a barbecue, there are a plethora of vegetables that take well to grilling.

One popular and easy way to grill veggies is by using skewers. Chop up essentially any of your favorite veggies, slide them onto a skewer and get grilling. Vegetables like onion, zucchini and peppers are all great options. If you don’t feel like breaking out the skewers, simply throw whole veggies like asparagus, mushrooms and corn on the cob right onto the grill.

Consider making make a pesto, balsamic glaze or other dressing to season your veggies before and/or after grilling them.

Another perfectly grill-able vegetarian option are plant-based meat alternatives, like veggie burgers, imitation beef patties and faux chicken.

Dessert Barbecue

If you don’t own a fire pit or have the means of making a bonfire, you can easily make s’mores with a grill. If you’re looking for a healthier sweet, try grilling some fresh fruit.

You can grill essentially any fruit, but some popular ones are seasonal, like peaches, pineapple, plums and strawberries. Grilling fruit causes the natural sugars to caramelize, making them warm, sweet and jam-like.

Cut your preferred fruits into pieces and make kebabs or simply grill halved fruits. Enjoy them plain or season your fruit with a bit of cinnamon, honey/sugar and/or lemon juice. And, when they’re ready to serve, no one will argue with a spoonful of vanilla ice cream or dollop of whipped cream on top.

Grilling Safety

Most Americans own some kind of grill or smoker. Whether you have a charcoal, gas or propane grill, you should always keep safety in mind.

“In 2014-2018, fire departments went to an annual average of 8,900 home fires involving grills, hibachis or barbecues per year, including 3,900 structure fires and 4,900 outside or unclassified fires,” according to the National Fire Protection Association. Those same years, an average of 19,700 people had to be hospitalized because of injuries involving grills.”

To enjoy your next barbecue to the fullest, check your grill for gas leaks before use, keep your grill at least 10 feet away from your home and have a fire extinguisher nearby.

Which of these barbecue theme ideas would you like to try? Tell us in the comments below. 

Want to take a vacation without breaking the bank? You don’t have to forgo style and comfort just because you’re traveling on a budget. Here’s how you can create a fulfilling experience without the price tag.

Bring Your Own Luxury

Many of the comforts at pricey hotels are things you can bring from home – for a lot cheaper.

A silk pillowcase (or even your own pillow) can make all the difference in a good night’s sleep. A plush bathrobe can also add the feeling of luxury. Bring along a basket of upscale toiletries to turn the bathroom into your personal spa.

Freshen up your hotel room with scent sprays or melts. Try to steer clear of scented candles, for fire safety reasons. You could even bring along an air purifier if it fits in your luggage.

Accentuate the Positive

If you want to upgrade your experience even more, be polite to the hotel staff. They might be able to help make your stay even better.

If your room has undesirable qualities, like a view of the parking lot or noisy neighbors, you can ask for a change. A room on the top floor will most likely be quieter and less likely to be overshadowed by nearby buildings. While employees will not always be able to accommodate you, they’re more likely to try their best if you ask nicely. If it’s possible, try requesting a room with your preferred view when you make the reservation.

You can also ask the employees for their opinions on what local attractions or restaurants you should visit.

Utilize the Amenities

If there’s a pool in your hotel, remember to bring a bathing suit. Using the amenities that are offered in the hotel will make it feel like a special experience, no matter why you’re staying there. Most hotels, even budget hotels, will include a pool and even a small gym. You’re paying for them, so use them! Don’t forgo the continental breakfast, either. It might not be room service, but who doesn’t enjoy a free breakfast?

Choose the Right Hotel

Not all budget hotels are created equal. Finding a quality budget hotel can make a big difference in your hotel stay, and you don’t need to spend more money to do so. AAA members can enjoy 10% or more off a stay at Wyndham Hotels and Resorts – and that includes a series of safe, clean and affordable hotels.

Microtel offers simple, modern rooms aimed at vacationers and business travelers alike.

Hotels like Howard Johnson and Days Inn are focused on convenience, comfortable amenities and friendly service in a family-style environment.

Super 8 is a great choice for road trippers who need some rest and relaxation for heading back out on the road.

Travelodge is tailored to travelers who are looking for somewhere to crash between their many adventures, from exploring national parks to hitting the beach.

How do you make the most of your budget hotel stays? Share you tips in the comments below. 

It’s tee time! See if you can make par on this crossword all about golf.

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Here are some tips to help you get the most out of your puzzle playing experience. Good luck!

Since our members are the root of everything we do, your feedback is important to us. Let us know if you run into any issues while playing, or share your ideas for future puzzles by emailing us.

Nearly 30% of Americans describe themselves as at least somewhat superstitious, according to a YouGov America study. And roughly 19 million Americans have one or more phobias. reports Johns Hopkins Medical Center.

As such a common yet dangerous activity, maybe it’s not surprising that a host of superstitions and phobias revolve around driving. And although these practices and conditions have vastly different affects on people, they are both ways we hope to garner good luck and safe passage while on and off the road.

Here are some of the most common car superstitions and phobias.

Car Superstitions

Car Coining

This term refers to the practice of throwing a few spare coins onto the floor of a new car. Those who partake in the practice believe it will give them good luck. This tradition may have practical, and not superstitious, origins. Before the days of E-ZPass, tolls had to be paid in cash. It wasn’t uncommon for drivers to keep loose change on the dashboard or in cupholders, where it could easily fall to the floor.

Holding Your Breath

One of the most common car superstitions is holding your breath as you drive through a tunnel or past a graveyard. The reasoning behind the practice usually varies. One belief is that if you hold your breath through the entirety of the tunnel and make a wish, it will come true. Others claim there’s a more practical motive. The change in air pressure in the tunnel hurts their ears and holding their breath helps alleviate the pain. As for the cemetery, most claim it prevents disturbing the dead and/or breathing in a spirit.

How the ‘holding your breath’ superstition came to be is difficult to pin down. One interesting theory is mentioned in a 1903 book, “Tube, Train, Tram, and Car.” It claims that back in the day, there was a belief that tunnel air could cure whooping cough. Parents would bring their children to the tunnel, then hold their breath to avoid contracting the disease themselves.

Tapping the Roof While Passing Yellow Lights

Many people tap their sun visor or the roof of their car as they drive through a yellow light. It’s believed to provide the driver with a bit of good luck – either in the future or to just get through the intersection safely.

Lifting Your Feet

Another common car superstition involves lifting your feet off the floor when driving over railroad tracks. Depending on who you ask, keeping your feet on the ground could cause you to lose your sweetheart, never get married, die young or bring about a spell of bad luck. Just like with holding your breath, do not attempt this if you are driving. Taking your foot off the gas/brake is extremely dangerous and could easily cause a crash.

Scratching a New Car

Some drivers will make small scratches on their brand-new car under the misguided belief that new cars are more likely to be involved in crashes. Once scratched, the vehicle has gotten its first bit of damage out of the way and it’s minor. Now the car is “used” and safer to drive.

Car Phobias

With more than 5.2 million crashes and nearly 40,000 fatalities occurring on U.S. roadways in 2020, there’s reason to be at least somewhat fearful of driving or riding in an automobile. And there’s certainly enough to form a phobia, especially if you’ve experienced car-related trauma before.

But those suffering from car-related phobias experience more than common nervousness when they’re in a vehicle. Phobias cause an extreme fear response even when there is no imminent danger. Just the thought of the fear alone can trigger severe anxiety. Phobias can be so intense that individuals may avoid the object or situation causing them distress entirely.

Here are some of the most common car phobias:

Motorphobia: The fear of cars.

Amaxophobia: The fear of riding in a vehicle, either as a driver or passenger.

Vehophobia: The fear of driving a car.

Gephyrophobia: The fear of driving over bridges.

Dystychiphobia: The fear of accidents.

Hodophobia: The fear of traveling.

Autoplenophobia: The fear of car washes.

Claustrophobia: The fear of confined places.

Do you have any car superstitions? Tell us about them in the comments below.

With the sun in your face and the wind in your hair, even a trip around town is more fun in a convertible, but there’s nothing quite like taking one out for a road trip. Here are the best road trips for convertibles sure to keep you smiling all summer long.

U.S. 1, Florida Keys

Head for the Florida Keys to get the most out of your convertible while the summer sun shines. Once you leave the mainland there’s a 120-mile stretch of road that takes you through a chain of little islands dotting the ocean.

Open water surrounds you as you drive from island to island and soak in the Florida sun. The route also includes 7 Mile Bridge, which is one of the longest bridges in the world.

Pacific Coast Highway, California

The Pacific Coast Highway is the quintessential West Coast road trip and it’s perfect for convertibles. It offers a spectacular view of the Pacific Ocean with plenty of opportunities to stop and explore the cities and towns along the California coast.

The 332-mile section from San Francisco to Santa Barbara has something for everyone. Enjoy unique shops, restaurants of every kind, beaches and incredible views of the bluffs that will have you pulling over to snap the perfect seascape picture.

U.S. Route 9, New York

U.S. Route 9 will take you all the way from Delaware up to the Canadian border. It’s a beautiful 300-mile trek, but the stretch that runs through New York is particularly picturesque.

You’ll find farmers markets throughout the countryside along with grand estates from the Gilded Age. Sure, you could take the interstate and get to where you’re going faster, but then you’d miss out on the scenery, quaint towns and restaurants perfect for grabbing a bite when you need a break.

Route 66, Illinois

No list of road trips in the U.S. would be complete without the famous Route 66. Much of the original route is long gone, but you can still experience this famous road uninterrupted for roughly 300 miles from Chicago to St. Louis.

Think classic American road trip for this one. Stop at a diner for burgers and fries and take in quirky roadside attractions you won’t find anywhere else. The interstates might be the quickest way to get across the country, but roads like this remind you why it’s sometimes better to take the long way.

The Kancamagus Highway, New Hampshire

It might be difficult to pronounce – just call it “the Kanc” like the locals – but this twisty road that runs between Conway and Lincoln, N.H., is the perfect place to enjoy the drive in a convertible. It winds its way through the White Mountain National Forest with plenty of overlooks where you can stop and soak in the view.

There are lots of places to get out and stretch your legs on trails for hikers of every skill level. Stop for a picnic lunch along the Swift River and relax to the sound of the rushing water as you take in the mountain landscape.

Blue Ridge Parkway, Virginia

The Blue Ridge Parkway covers nearly 500 miles from Virginia to North Carolina and it’s a stunning journey. The winding road takes you through the woods and along burbling streams complete with waterfalls.

During the spring, wildflowers add pops of color to this scenic drive. The view is equally spectacular in the fall when the leaves change. On a mild fall day, a ride through the Blue Ridge Parkway with the top down lets you enjoy the weather before winter arrives.

Hana Highway, Hawaii

If ever there was a place perfect for a convertible, it’s Hawaii. Make the most of your vacation and rent a convertible for a drive along the Hana Highway in Maui. At 38 miles it’s not a long route, but you can easily spend a day stopping and exploring along the way.

This trip is a true joy for those who love to drive along steep terrain and one-lane bridges. The view is breathtaking with roadside waterfalls and greenery at every turn.

Park Loop Road, Maine

Acadia National Park in Maine is home to the 27-mile Park Loop Road. This drive takes you along the rocky Maine coast up to the top of Cadillac Mountain. It’s a scenic drive that can get busy in the summer months, but that just gives you more time to slow down and enjoy the drive.

This a true nature-lover’s drive. Lush forests make a stark contrast to the brilliant blue Atlantic Ocean and rocky shoreline. Drop the top and take it all in.

Hells Canyon, Oregon

This somewhat unknown route shows off the deepest river gorge in the country, Hells Canyon, with a 208-mile drive that winds through northeast Oregon. Enjoy your journey through the Wallowa Mountains, which has more than 19 peaks that rise over 9,000 feet.

This is a twisting route that’s made for enjoying with the top down as you traverse narrow and twisting roads perfect for a sporty ride.

The Tunnel of Trees, Michigan

Head north to Michigan Route 119 and you’ll discover The Tunnel of Trees. Start out in Traverse City, drive through the towns of Petoskey and Cherelvoix to this narrow road path through the trees.

It’s a 27-mile stretch designed to be taken slowly. While trees line one side of the road, the opposite side gives glimpses of Lake Michigan. It’s a beautiful drive on a summer day or on a mild fall day when you can take in the foliage and enjoy sweater weather.

Need a ride? Learn about exclusive Hertz discounts for AAA members.

Whether it’s a dreary, morning commute or a wind-in-your-hair sunset cruise, a car ride just isn’t the same in silence. It’s this universal appetite for good listening where car radio history begins.

Vehicle audio has been around in one form or another for nearly as long as there have been automobiles on the road. Initially, car owners would take portable battery radios on their journey. It wouldn’t take long for a superior option to arrive on the scene thanks to a now-famous company that was just trying to stay afloat during its nascent stage.

1930: The First Car Radio

In 1928, brothers Paul and Joseph Galvin founded the Galvin Manufacturing Corporation. The company produced battery eliminators, devices that enabled battery-powered radios to operate on household electric current. As more radios began running through home electrical systems, however, battery eliminators became obsolete.

Coupled with the financial effects of the Great Depression, the Galvins needed a new product to stay in business.

The brothers recruited a group of engineers to build a radio that could be installed in automobiles. Putting various parts inside the car and others underneath the floor, the crew successfully manufactured a sturdy radio that received a clear signal and could withstand rough roads.

Paul Galvin unveiled the device in grand fashion, driving from Chicago to Atlantic City to demonstrate the radio at the 1930 Radio Manufacturers Association Convention. Unregistered for the event and without a booth, Galvin parked the car outside and turned up the radio’s volume. The stunt drew hordes of spectators and by the time he left Atlantic City, Galvin had secured enough sales to keep his company in business.

But what would they call this new technology? Wanting a unique name for its product, the Galvin Corporation combined “motor” from motorcar with “ola” from Victrola (a popular line of phonographs) to create Motorola. The moniker quickly became so well-known, the company changed its name to Motorola, Inc.

1953: The Groundbreaking Becker Mexico

Technological advancements over the following two decades spurred improvements to the size and functionality of car radios. In 1953, the Becker company reached a major milestone in car-radio history when it unveiled its now-legendary Mexico model. Arguably the first high-end car radio, the Becker Mexico featured FM stereo and was the first in-car radio with a fully automatic station scan.

1955: Chrysler’s In-Car Record Player

Through the mid-1950s, drivers were at the mercy of radio stations when it came to musical choices. That began to change when Chrysler unveiled a car record player known as the Highway Hi-Fi. It was developed by Peter Goldmark, head of CBS Laboratories, who had previously invented the 33 1/3 Long-Playing (LP) record. The system was mounted underneath the dashboard and would project forward with the push of a button.

Because 12-inch, 33⅓-rpm records were too big, and smaller, 45-rpm records played just one song, Goldmark needed a new format. He developed a record with groove spacing one-third the width of an LP. Combined with a slower turntable, this allowed these new records to be just 7-inches wide, yet play the same amount of music as a 12-inch LP.

Goldmark tested the system in his own Chrysler with great results. His bosses were less than enthused with the ingenuity, however, believing in-car record players would steer listeners away from CBS-owned radio stations.

Undeterred, Goldmark went straight to the car manufacturer. He successfully sold the idea to Chrysler, which offered the Highway Hi-Fi as an add-on to several of its 1956 models. While noble in its intention, the record player ultimately proved more problematic than its worth.

It came with six propriety records, none of which were major hits. They included the soundtrack to “The Pajama Game” musical, Tchaikovsky’s “Symphony in B Minor” and songs from Walt Disney’s “Davy Crockett.” If customers wanted more options, they had to purchase new records. Even then, they could only choose from a small subset of Columbia Records’ catalog. (Columbia was the only company producing the 7-inch records.)

The biggest issue with the Highway Hi-Fi, however, was its functionality. Goldmark had gone to great lengths to ensure records wouldn’t skip as the car drove, performing numerous tests on premium Chrysler models. But the carmaker also offered the record player on lower-end Dodges and Plymouths, which had inferior suspension systems. This caused the records to skip and the warranty claims to mount. Combined with the device’s high price (more than $2,000 today), these drawbacks ultimately doomed the Highway Hi-Fi. It was discontinued just a few years later.

1960s-70s: Eight Tracks and Cassettes

The in-car record player was down but not out. In 1960, Chrysler replaced the Highway Hi-Fi with the RCA Victrola turntable. The device held a total of 14 singles that would play one after another. The UK’s Auto Mignon was a more compact record player, though it only held one 45-rpm record at a time.

Before the in-car record player could be perfected, Ford and Motorola jointly introduced the eight-track tape player in 1965. It remained the go-to choice for car audio throughout much of the 1970s.

Cassette tapes, which were initially developed in 1963, began supplanting eight-track players in the late 1970s as tape quality improved. They would remain extremely popular, both in and out of cars, through the 1980s.

1984: Compact Discs

Compact disc players made their way into cars in the 1980s. The first was the Pioneer CDX-1, introduced in 1984. Lincoln offered the earliest factory-installed player in its 1987 Town Car model.

This new technology offered a far-better listening experience than any previous option. CDs had vastly superior sound quality and were more durable than cassettes. Plus, listeners could instantly skip tracks with the push of a button instead of rewinding or fast-forwarding. Car CD players became ubiquitous by the 1990s.

2000s: The Brave New World of Car Radios

Many new chapters have already been written in car-radio history this century. Through the use of USB, auxiliary cords and Bluetooth, drivers started connecting their mobile devices to car radios beginning in the early 2000s. Nowadays, most cars allow drivers to sync their phones to the car radio via Apple CarPlay and Android Auto. These apps give users hands-free access to their music, as well as streaming services like Pandora and Spotify.

The 2000s also introduced the world to satellite radio. As opposed to terrestrial radio, which has a limited signal range, satellite radio can broadcast over an entire continent with crystal-clear clarity. This feature has made it a popular option for car listening.

What’s your favorite car radio memory? Where will car audio tech go next? Let us know in the comments below!

If car radio history has whet your appetite, head to our auto history section for more stories on automotive evolution. 

On March 1, 1872, Congress established Yellowstone National Park, the first of what is now a total of 59 national parks spanning 28 states and two American territories. Collectively, they are considered the country’s greatest natural treasures.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt once said, “There is nothing so American as our national parks…The fundamental idea behind the parks…is that the country belongs to the people, that it is in process of making for the enrichment of the lives of all of us.”

In addition to being aesthetically beautiful, national parks showcase the past of both our country and the land on which it resides. Here’s a look at a few of the most interesting historic sites at national parks and the stories behind them.

The Old Courthouse

Gateway Arch National Park

The Gateway Arch, one of the most iconic historic sites at national parks, is a tribute to the diverse people who reshaped the country: Thomas Jefferson, who negotiated the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the size of the United States; Lewis and Clark and their guide Sacagawea, who explored the new land and mapped a route to the Pacific; and the countless pioneers who forged Westward.

Yet the park in which the Arch resides is home to a lesser-known but equally significant historical site: The Old Courthouse, where one of the most important cases ever tried in the United States was heard.

In 1846, Dred Scott, a slave who had spent many years living in free territories, sued for his freedom. The first two trials were held in the Old Courthouse, the latter of which Scott won. This decision was appealed all the way to the Supreme Court, which denied Scott his freedom. Although Scott was defeated, the case is widely credited with hastening the start of the Civil War. Visitors can tour the courthouse where the case was heard, as well as the restored courtrooms.

Elkhorn Ranch

Theodore Roosevelt National Park

One of the country’s great outdoorsmen, President Theodore Roosevelt may have had more impact on the national park system than any other citizen. While in office from 1901 to 1909, he established five new national parks, doubling the number of federal parks across the country. It’s only fitting that one of today’s 59 parks bears his name.

In the late 1800s, a young Roosevelt headed to the Dakota Territory for a two-week hunting trip. The following year, his mother and wife passed away just hours apart. In search of solitude, the future president returned to Dakota and established the Elkhorn Ranch. In his writings, Roosevelt referred to this location as his “home ranch” and it is believed that it was here where he developed many of his beliefs on the importance of conservation.

Because Roosevelt wanted a secluded location, getting to the ranch can be difficult. It takes a several-mile drive on unpaved roads to reach the remote location. And though only the cabin’s foundation stones remain, visitors can appreciate the peace and solace Roosevelt found here.

Balcony House

Mesa Verde National Park

Lest we forget that people lived in North America long before European settlers arrived and the United States was formed, the Cliff Dwellings at Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado are a perfect reminder.

After living on the mesa top for 600 years, Ancestral Pueblos began building homes beneath the overhanging cliffs late in the 12^th century. The structures ranged in size from one-room storage units to villages of more than 150 rooms.

One of the most famous of these pueblos is known as the Balcony House, a 40-room structure considered a medium-size cliff dwelling. The tunnel, passageways and modern 32-foot entrance ladder are what make it the most adventurous dwelling tour in the park. Visitors can see the Balcony House by ranger-guided tours only.

Horseshoe Canyon

Canyonlands National Park

People have lived in the area that is now Canyonlands National Park for more than 10,000 years. There may be no better evidence of their presence than Horseshoe Canyon, which contains some of the most significant rock art in North America.

The canyon’s best-known panel is called The Great Gallery, a well-preserved site that includes both pictographs (paintings) and petroglyphs (carvings) of life-sized figures with intricate designs.

Artifacts recovered from this area date back to 9000-7000 BCE, a time when large mammals like mastodons and mammoths roamed the southwest. However, Horseshoe Canyon has the more recent history of serving as a refuge for outlaws like Butch Cassidy who were on the run from the law.

Lamar Buffalo Ranch

Yellowstone National Park

In 2016, when President Barack Obama officially named the American bison the country’s national mammal, John Calvelli of the Wildlife Conservation Society said, “Many consider this our nation’s first successful conservation story.”

That effort began many years ago at the Lamar Buffalo Ranch.

In the 1800s, bison were hunted nearly to extinction. Yellowstone Park was home to just 25 in 1901. In the first effort to preserve a wild species through management, Congress purchased 21 bison from private owners, and they were brought to the Lamar Buffalo Ranch to be fed and bred.

As the herd grew, bison were released to breed with free-roaming population or used to start herds on other public land. Today, the Yellowstone population numbers in the thousands, one of the largest in North America.

Have you been to any of these historic sites? Tell us in the comments!

Need a ride? Learn about exclusive Hertz discounts for AAA members.

Plan your next national park vacation with AAA Travel. 

About a two hour drive from the bright lights and fast pace of New York City, straight down to the tail fins of the Long Island “fish,” you’ll find sprawling vineyards and dozens of wineries both large and small producing some of the top-rated wines in the nation.

A journey out to Long Island’s East End is an excellent way to spend a weekend staycation or day trip in New York. The trail is vast and every winery has something special and unique to offer, from award-winning bottles to picnic areas. Most have tasting rooms and tours, and many also offer live music and special events on the weekends.

The geography, soil, and maritime climate of Long Island’s North and South Forks afford ideal conditions for growing an array of grapes that yield quality varietals and blends. Like Long Island itself, the wines are often underestimated, but with time and an expanding collection of awards and critical acclaim, the region is proving to be a contender in the wine industry and an increasingly popular travel destination.

The following Long Island wineries boast especially great views. With panoramic vineyard overlooks akin what you might imagine seeing in Napa Valley or Tuscany, these locations provide some of the best settings to enjoy the wine country.

Kontokosta

Kontokasta is unique in that it is one of the only North Fork wineries with a water view. Its blufftop location overlooking the Long Island Sound and its sublime breezes are what make the wine so good, and the visit even better.

As you enjoy the view you can sip your way through an award-winning bottle knowing that it was created thoughtfully and with love by the Kontokosta family.

The tasting room, meadow and bluff are are open to visitors on Saturday from 11 a.m. to 6 p.m. and by appointment only Sunday through Friday.

Harmony

Unlike most Long Island wineries, you don’t need to drive all the way out East to enjoy a scenic day among the vines at Harmony. Only about 70 minutes from Manhattan in a town called Head of the Harbor and just a few minutes away from the Stony Brook village center, it bills itself as the “most convenient farm winery.”

Harmony’s tasting room resides within a 17th century house that overlooks the vineyard and Stony Brook Harbor. Visit for live music on the weekends and special events including trivia nights and “drink-in theatre” outdoor movies.

Macari Vineyards 

Utilizing sustainable biodynamic farming methods, Macari not only stands out for its exceptional wine but for its dedication to the land that yields it. A leader in natural viticulture on Long Island, the Macari family and their team cultivate an ideal grape growing environment through practices such as composting and using little to no pesticides on their vineyard. The difference is one you can taste.

Relaxing above the vines with a flight of tastings on the Macari tasting room deck in Mattituck is one of the best ways to spend a summer day on Long Island.

Palmer Vineyards 

On the way to some of the larger Long Island wineries, you will find a modest little house marked “Palmer Vineyards,” inviting you in for a taste. Palmer wines are distinctly Long Island. From the sustainable farming used to harvest the grapes, to the methods practiced in their state-of-the-art winemaking facility, the Palmer team works hard to preserve the unique qualities of the region’s terroir in every bottle.

The charming pub-style tasting room has standing tables and cozy booths, perfect for sharing a cheese plate and a flight of tastings. Out back, guests can lounge with wine glasses on Adirondack chairs overlooking some of the more than 90 acres of Merlot, Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Gewürztraminer, Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc grapes growing on the property.

A short self-guided tour that leads into the tasting room explains Palmer’s winemaking process while giving guests a glimpse at the French oak barrels and stainless steel tanks where the wines are fermenting and aging.

Pelligrini Vineyards 

Pelligrini Vineyards is home to some of the most celebrated wines on Long Island. Their secret begins in the vineyard, where they take full advantage of the seaside breezes, soil conditions and optimal sunshine of their North Fork location, which happens to be very much like Bordeaux, France. The process continues using both modern fermentation methods and classic oak barrel aging in their cellar, all with as little manipulation as possible.

Founded by graphic designer Robert Pelligrini and his wife, aesthetics have always been at the forefront of Pelligrini Vineyards. It is no wonder that it is one of the most beautiful Long Island wineries, both inside and out. Take in the view of the vineyard from the rustically elegant tasting room or courtyard.

Raphael Vineyard & Winery 

Raphael’s commitment to quality and detail are evident from the moment you pull up to the estate. The pristine grounds and Tuscan villa-style tasting room make a grand first impression and the wines and hospitality leave a lasting one.

Family-owned and operated since 1996, Raphael combines decades of new world experience with old world traditions to make their wines. Their dedication to the details, such as being one of the few remaining Long Island wineries to harvest their grapes by hand, has allowed them to produce stand out vintages over the years, especially red varieties.

Guests are treated to expansive views of the grapevines from the upper and lower outdoor patios, or the tasting room where there is often live music to sing along to. If you’re looking to get away, even if only in your mind, Raphael will take you to Europe for the moment. Feel free you bring your own picnic.

What are your favorite Long Island wineries? Tell us in the comments.

Plan your next trip with AAA. 

It wasn’t too long ago that gasoline and diesel were the only two options to power your car. But these fuel types come with serious drawbacks including high cost and environmental hazards. With the increased need to use renewable fuel sources, several other options are being used more frequently – and more are continuing to emerge. With that in mind, here are a few of the most popular types of fuel for cars, and how to determine the right one for your vehicle.

Click here to check the current cost of gas in your state – updated weekly! 

Gasoline

The most commonly used fuel for cars is gasoline. It is easily combustible, which allows for quick starting and fast acceleration. However, the high levels of carbon dioxide produced from burning gasoline is a leading contributor to pollution and, in turn, global warming. According to the Union for Concerned Scientists, cars and trucks account for nearly one-fifth of all U.S. global-warming emissions. In response, many companies and consumers are increasing their use of alternative fuel types.

There are generally three different types or “grades” of gasoline, determined by the gasoline’s octane level. A level of 87 is considered “regular,” 91 is “premium,” and 89 is mid-grade. The grade of gasoline you should use depends on the type of vehicle and engine you have. (More on that below).

Diesel

Along with gasoline, diesel is the other popular form of fuel, used specifically for diesel engines. Diesel vehicles are more fuel efficient, often traveling about 20% to 35% farther on a gallon of fuel than their gas-powered counterparts. Therefore, vehicles that are traveling far distances, such as trucks and vans, commonly use diesel engines. It also produces less carbon dioxide than gasoline. However, it does create nitrous oxide, which causes smog.

Liquified Petroleum

Better known as propane, liquified petroleum is a much cleaner and cheaper form of fuel. Many hybrid cars in foreign countries such as the United Kingdom have been designed to use propane. However, automobiles in the United States rarely use it. The only way to use propane domestically is to convert your vehicle’s gas engine.

Ethanol

Ethanol is a popular biofuel made from sugar cane, barley, corn and other natural resources. However, it is generally used as an additive in other fuel sources in order to help cut down on hazardous emission. According to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), more than 98% of U.S. gasoline contains ethanol, typically E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline).

But gasoline with higher percentages of ethanol also exist. E85, also called flex fuel, is an ethanol-gasoline blend containing 51% to 83% ethanol. E85 can only be used on Flex Fuel Vehicles, which are specially designed to run on gasoline, E85, or any mixture of the two. Ethanol can be extremely helpful in cutting down on emissions but a car’s fuel delivery system and engine need to be designed to use it.

Compressed Natural Gas

Compressed natural gas is a clear, odorless and non-corrosive gas that can be used in liquid or gas form to run a combustion engine, though gas engines would need to be converted to use it. The fuel produces approximately 80% less emissions than gasoline. Additionally, vehicles that run on compressed natural gas are similar in power, acceleration, and cruising speed to gasoline or diesel vehicles. Compressed natural gas can limit driving range, though, as less overall gas can be stored in the same size gas tank.

Biodiesel

This renewable, biodegradable liquid fuel is made from vegetable oils, animal fats or recycled cooking grease. According to the DOE, biodiesel emissions are 74% lower than those from petroleum diesel. Diesel vehicles can generally use a low percentage of biodiesel without any engine modification. However, higher levels of the fuel will require modifications.

Determining the Type of Fuel for Your Car

Gasoline vs. Diesel

Most vehicles in the United States run on gasoline or diesel fuel. The driver’s manual should dictate the fuel type your car needs. There should also be a label on the fuel door that reads something along the line of “Diesel Fuel Only” or “Unleaded Gasoline Only.” If there’s ever a doubt, call the manufacturer.

It is imperative that you put the proper fuel in your car’s tank. Gas engines cannot combust diesel fuel and vice versa, so the car won’t start if it is filled with the wrong fuel type. Even worse, it can cause serious damage to the engine.

AAA Approved Auto Repair Facilities can help get your car back out on the road. Find the nearest one here.

Regular vs. Premium

As stated previously, gasoline grades are dependent on the fuel’s octane level. Higher octane levels ensure the gas burns evenly, which helps keep your engine cleaner and improve performance. Therefore, it is commonly used in vehicles with high-compression engines or turbochargers, like sports cars.

The car’s manual should state the gasoline grade needed. It may suggest premium gas but not require it. If this is the case, your car should be able to run fine with lower grade gas, and it could save you money.

The Future of Fuel

Internal combustion cars are and will continue to be the popular vehicles, but electric cars continue to grow in popularity. Currently electric vehicle sales are about 3 percent of all the vehicle sold, but that could change quickly. Ford General Motors and Stellantis Corporation have a goal of having up to 50 percent of the vehicle sales being electric in just 9 years.

Further in the future we could see a more popularity with hydrogen. Hydrogen is stored in a onboard tank and that hydrogen goes through a fuel cell and makes electricity to run the electric motor(s). The byproduct of hydrogen combustion is water. Unlike battery electric car, hydrogen cars refuel much quicker.

AAA members can save money at the pump with Shell’s Fuel Rewards program. Learn more.

Motorists can find the cheapest gas prices wherever they are by using the AAA Mobile App.

Though it may seem like having a green thumb is a superpower, planning a garden takes work and knowledge. Growing and eating your own vegetables is especially rewarding but you have to keep certain factors in mind like how much sun your garden gets, what the soil is like and how the plants react with the climate in your area before you can see any success. With all that said, here are some tips for planning a vegetable garden.

Good luck and may homegrown salads be in your future!

Planning a Garden for Veggies

First of all, what kind of space do you have to plant a garden? Do you have a large patch of backyard? Maybe it’s a small space on your rooftop or something even simpler such as planters or pots. No matter what, it’s best to start small if you’re a beginner so you don’t get overwhelmed with taking care of too many plants.

Your garden should be cleared of weeds, rocks, roots and debris before planting. Stay away from trees because their shade and roots can take sunlight and nutrients away from your garden.

It’s important to plant in an area with a lot of sunlight and easy access to water. Plants always need sunlight, and you don’t want to have to constantly carry water to your garden. Place your vegetables on top of a hill or near a wall to avoid wind damage.

Another important factor is soil. The best quality soil is dark, loose and full of earthworms. Add manure and fertilizer for added nutrients. Rake and till the ground to break up clumps and smooth out the soil.

Also, measure the pH of your soil with a test kit. It varies, but most vegetables prefer a pH between 6 and 7. If the pH is lower than 6, it is acidic, and if it is higher than 7 it is alkaline soil.

Finally, you need to account for your local temperature. If you want to plant perennials, or plants that come back every year, it’s important to know your hardiness zone. That measures the average annual lowest temperature in your area and what your plants can withstand over a year. However, this is a guideline and not a hard and fast rule. Even in the Northeast, the hardiness zone varies from 7b (5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit) to 2b (-45 to -40 degrees Fahrenheit). Find your hardiness zone here.

Planting a Vegetable Garden

What vegetables do you want to grow? Well, first you should consider what grows well in your area. Ask your local gardening store or plant nursery what vegetables are best for you. Lettuce and tomatoes are good starter plants – they are easy to grow and inexpensive to buy.

You can start your vegetables from either plants or seeds. Plants are more likely to survive and quicker to harvest, while seeds cost less and can be saved for another season. However, plants are often limited in variety, and seeds take longer to grow, or may not grow at all. If you are a beginner, start with plants and work your way up to seeds.

Space out your plants when putting them in the ground. It gives them more room to grow. And try not to step on the ground between plants. That compacts the soil, which means water and nutrients cannot get through to roots properly.

It’s prudent to protect your plants from pests. Deter bugs with natural predators or plant-friendly pesticides. For squirrels, put your vegetables in a fence or wire mesh. And keep an eye on your plants. Inspect them regularly for damage, disease, discoloration or other signs of invaders.

And don’t forget to pick your veggies when they’re ripe and ready! And enjoy! There’s nothing like eating homegrown vegetables.

Watch Your Vegetable Garden Bloom

Turn your scraps into compost for richer soil. Put your organic garbage in a bin and watch it decompose. Fruit peels, dead leaves, lawn clippings, eggshells, you name it, nature decomposes it and gives you a cheaper fertilizer. It takes some time and effort, but the organic fertilizer is worth it. Plus you save money and help the environment.

And finally, keep a journal on your garden’s progress. Take notes, remember your mistakes and record your victories. Gardening is a process and it takes time to figure out exactly what works for you. And don’t forget to have fun!

Looking for tips on planting flowers? Check out our Northeast flower chart. 

Did you find these tips helpful? Do you have any other tips for planning and planting a vegetable garden that you would like to share? Tell us in the comments.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates 42,915 people died in motor vehicle traffic crashes in 2021. That would be the highest total since 2005. It would also mark a 10.5% increase from 2020, the largest annual percentage increase since the organization began tracking fatalities.

“We face a crisis on America’s roadways that we must address together,” said U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg. “With our National Roadway Safety Strategy and the President’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, we are taking critical steps to help reverse this devastating trend and save lives on our roadways.”

The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law includes the new Safe Streets and Roads for All program, which will invest up to $6 billion over five years to fund local efforts to reduce roadway crashes and fatalities.

The nearly 43,000 deaths also include pedestrian fatalities, which were up 13% from a year ago, and bicyclist fatalities, which rose 5%. Some other notable categories where the traffic fatality count increased include:

• On urban roads (up 16%)
• Among drivers 65 and older (up 14%)
• Among females (up 12%)
• In crashes involving at least one large truck (up 13%)
• During daytime (up 11%)
• In speeding-related crashes (up 5%)
• In police-reported, alcohol-involvement crashes (up 5%)

Closer to home, the rise in traffic deaths in the Northeast mostly surpassed the national average. A breakdown by state of total fatalities and percentage increase includes:

• Connecticut: 327; 10.8%
• Massachusetts: 413; 20.4%
• New Hampshire: 123; 18.3%
• New Jersey: 709; 21.4%
• New York: 1,139; 8.9%
• Rhode Island: 67; 0.0%

Stay safe on the road this summer with these driving tips from AAA experts.

For more traffic and automotive news, visit AAA.com.

Gone are the days of the 9-to-5 office grind and having to choose between business and leisure travel. Enter: bleisure travel.

What is bleisure travel? Exactly what it sounds like: a getaway that combines both work and play.

One side effect of the global pandemic was an increase in hybrid and fully remote work schedules, which many businesses have adopted for the long term. Bleisure travelers are taking advantage of the added flexibility and choosing to work from around the world.

Almost 10% of business trips can be categorized as bleisure trips, according to Forbes, as freelancers and corporate travelers alike extend their business trips to visit new cities and explore. And nearly 60% of businesses support it.

So, grab the Wi-Fi password and hit the pool. Here are some of the most serene places to work remotely, featuring perks for business travelers and unbeatable views.

Montauk, New York

Located at the tip of Long Island, Montauk is an ideal place for work-life balance. It’s a town where you can hunker down all summer and enjoy the magical cliffside beaches and vast seaside views. There’s never a lack of things to do, from surfing and sailing lessons to visiting the Montauk Point Lighthouse and enjoying the catch of the day at a local restaurant.

Located on Old Montauk Highway, Hartman’s Briney Breezes Beach Resort offers rotating specials for extended stays and a breathtaking view of the ocean. The hotel is within walking distance to the beach and just a few minutes from plenty of dining options.

Nassau, Bahamas

Bahamian island living sounds like something we can all get used to. With the flexibility to work from anywhere, the Bahamas’ extended-stay work visa program BEATS (Bahamas Extended Access Travel Stay), welcomes professionals to trade-in their cubicles for views of stunning aquamarine waters and breathtaking sunsets.

There’s never a dull moment in the vibrant capital of Nassau, offering travelers a lively nightlife, local delicacies and activities galore, such as the Queen’s Staircase, National Art Gallery and The Retreat Garden.

Prepare to be transported to Bahamian Paradise at the AAA Four Diamond Rosewood Baha Mar. Ready for your next work assignment? Sit by the pool with your laptop and take in the ocean views. A workcation from a cabana doesn’t sound bad.

Mexico City, Mexico

In the past few years, Mexico’s capital has become an attractive destination for Americans looking to explore its history, museums, authentic cuisine and neighborhoods.

With incredible views overlooking the avenue of Paseo de la Reforma, the AAA Five Diamond St. Regis Mexico City caters to bleisure travel, offering amenities like conference rooms, a children’s club and 24-hour butler service (so don’t panic if you forget your computer charger).

After the Zoom calls are done, hit the Remède Spa for a restorative treatment or head out to discover Mexico City’s many parks, cantinas and artisan markets. With so much to do and see, a month of remote work is a good amount of time to properly wander through this exuberant city.

Catskills, New York

The Catskills are a hotspot for remote workers. Here you can slow down with serene views of babbling brooks and mountains and enjoy lunch breaks and post-workdays with waterfall hikes, foraging and antiquing.

With so many accommodations available, from traditional rentals to unique treehouse hotels, experiment with something in-between by booking a stay at A Tiny House Resort in Cairo. Just two hours from New York City, the property is set up as a little village, offering Wi-Fi and perks like a food truck, pool, firepits and a mini farm. You can even pet a goat in between work calls!

After your workday is complete, explore nearby towns, like Catskill, Hudson, Woodstock and Phoenicia, all offering local restaurants, shopping and outdoor adventures.

Lisbon, Portugal

Whether you’re in search of Michelin-starred restaurants or street food, luxury shopping or local artisan bargains, Portugal’s capital city has it all. With friendly locals and gorgeous views, it’s a place any remote worker would want to hang their hat (and shingle).

Martinhal Cascais, a resort on the coastline just outside of Lisbon has seen the rise of the bleisure market since COVID-19 hit, often hosting parents with kids in tow looking to stay for extended periods in one of their 12 two-bedroom villas at discounted rates.

The villas are outfitted for longer stays – think kitchens and washer/dryer units, living rooms and gardens – where bleisure travelers can work and the whole family can enjoy the resort’s amenities. They even have a beautiful light-filled conference room for meetings.

Enjoy work breaks by exploring the pristine coastline by bike. You can rent bikes and book guided tours at the hotel.

Book your next trip with AAA.

Do you live the bleisure lifestyle? Tell us in the comments.

Life insurance is an important part of planning for the future and protecting your loved ones. But as you reach different milestones, your life insurance needs may change.

As you move through the phases of life like tiles on a board game, it’s important to review your life insurance policy and make sure you’re getting the coverage you need. Here are some life milestones that might cause you to revisit and update your policy.

Let AAA’s insurance agents help you find a policy that’s right for you. 

Being Single

“I feel like everybody needs life insurance,” notes Brenda Silva, Life Insurance Specialist at AAA Northeast. “Even students who are attending college and obtaining college loans. It’s affordable to purchase life insurance when you’re young.”

Most young and single people don’t think about life insurance, since they don’t yet have a family of their own. But your single years are a great time to look into life insurance. It can help you plan for the future and keep premium prices down. There are many affordable life insurance options at this time that can lay the groundwork for your financial future. A great way for young and single people to start their life insurance journey is by looking into term life insurance.

Term life insurance offers a fixed premium that provides coverage for a predetermined period of time. The longest a term plan will extend is typically 30 years from the issued date. It offers a more limited scope of protection, but it’s often more accessible than whole plans.

How much life insurance do you need? Learn more about the difference between term and whole life insurance. 

Getting Married

When your marital status changes, your life insurance needs might change as well. If you’re getting married, you’ll be combining your finances. If you’re getting divorced, that might change your financial situation as well.

While rates won’t be as low as they might have been when you were younger, it’s still a good time to start a life insurance policy. If you have a term plan, now is a good time to convert it to a whole plan.

Having Children

With life insurance, you can make sure your children’s needs will be taken care of, no matter what happens. Now is the perfect time to take a look at your life insurance policy and expand it. With your new family, you’ll need to have a stronger financial safety net in place.

The goal of life insurance is not only to replace lost income, but to maintain your family’s standard of living. When you add dependents, like children, make sure that your policy takes that into account. Consider future needs your children might have down the line, like higher education.

Buying a Home

Buying a home is the perfect time to review your life insurance policy and make sure it can cover your mortgage and increased expenses. You don’t want to leave your family vulnerable if the unexpected happens. When you expand your policy, take into account your income, mortgage, other expenses, debts and potential future financial burdens.

Getting a New Job

If you get a new job, a promotion or even face a job loss, your life insurance needs can change. If you get a pay raise through a new job or a promotion, you’ll want to make sure your policy stays up to date. Your employer might provide a life insurance policy, but sometimes that specific policy doesn’t offer enough coverage to meet your family’s needs. Besides, if you leave the job for any reason, you might be at risk of losing the policy entirely.

“If you’re out of employment, sometimes you had employer-paid life insurance and now you’re not working,” said Silva. “Look into having some insurance to fill in the gap for that reason.”

Retirement

Well-funded, whole life insurance policies offer tax-deferred cash value growth that can be accessed in retirement, helping you to transition more easily into your post-work life and plan for your family’s future.

“During your working years, the cash value you build in a life insurance policy can be an important source of back-up funds or ‘opportunity reserve’ — using your policy’s cash value to help fund life moments,” said Timothy Boyle, life and annuity manager for AAA Insurance.

Whether you choose to use the money as an emergency fund, to help supplement your retirement income or to help fund your retirement dreams, the money is available to you tax-free through withdrawals and policy loans.

Planning Your Estate

Your life insurance benefits can ensure that you leave a legacy, like leaving an inheritance, making a charitable donation or covering the cost of estate taxes. Life insurance can also help your family pay for your final expenses, such as funeral and burial costs. In what will surely be a difficult time for your family, make sure that it doesn’t stress them financially as well. It’s not something a lot of people like thinking about, but it’s a beautiful way that you can care for your family even after you’re gone.

Life insurance is an important way to plan for your future, but the future is changing all the time. As you play the game of life, make sure to double-check that your insurance policy is keeping up.

Get a personalized life insurance policy through AAA. 

Whether you’re looking to disconnect with a refreshing and quiet getaway in the mountains or escape to warm sandy shores for fun in the sun, summertime is the perfect time to break away from day-to-day routines and enjoy the beautiful outdoors.

Best Western® Hotels & Resorts makes traveling to scenic destinations near and far easy, offering approximately 2,300 locations across North America – many of which are near popular national parks and world-class beaches. And AAA members save up to 15% at Best Western-branded hotels – making summer travel easy on your wallet too. The only difficult part? Narrowing down which destination to go to!

We’re sharing eight great summer destinations – any of which are sure to bring you the amazing experiences you’re looking for this summer season.

Fort Myers

When we close our eyes and imagine a warm tropical getaway, we think of Fort Myers, Florida. Positioned along the sunny Gulf Coast, this area is known for its rich history, fun downtown waterfront and spectacular beaches.

On the coastline, you’ll find Fort Myers Beach, a 7-mile stretch of paradise with sugary white sand and sparkling waters that postcards can’t even do justice. Whether you want to soak up the sun and let the waves lull you to sleep, or indulge in the water activities and enjoy local eats and finds at the laid-back beach village, this destination is a beach goer’s dream.

Travelers can also hop over to the neighboring island of Captiva, known for some of the most romantic beaches in the U.S., or the island of Sanibel, world-renowned for its shell-covered beaches and fishing pier.

For a place to stay, check out the Best Western Plus Beach Resort.

Manhattan Beach

An idyllic California getaway involves the beach, outdoor activities, shopping, amazing food and proximity to Southern California’s major attractions. Enter: Manhattan Beach. This laid-back beach town has been dubbed “The Pearl of L.A.’s South Bay” and was immortalized in the Beach Boys classic, “Surfin’ U.S.A.”

From its beautiful beachfront, biking trails and parks, to its boutiques, cafés and creative eateries,  you’re sure to have the quintessential California experience at Manhattan Beach. Centrally located to all major freeway arteries in L.A., travelers also have easy access to explore and check off the big city attractions on their must-see list.

For a place to stay, check out Best Western Plus Manhattan Beach Hotel.

Great Smoky Mountain National Park

If you’re looking to enjoy the quiet splendor, fresh air and tranquil sounds of the mountains, we recommend the beautiful and serene Smoky Mountains.

Part of the Appalachian Mountain Range, Great Smoky Mountain National Park is the most-visited national park in the United States. Visitors can traverse over 300 miles of maintained roads to explore and view the animals, reptiles and hardwood forests that call this region home.

For a place to stay, check out the Best Western Plaza Inn.

Orange Beach

A lesser-known beach, but a favorite among those who have been, the city of Orange Beach offers 32 miles of white sand beaches with 360-degree views. Year-round warm weather makes this beach a popular destination for locals but remains a relatively unknown beach for tourists!

Enjoy the best that Orange Beach has to offer by staying at the spectacular Best Western Premier The Tides.

Acadia National Park

The oldest park east of the Mississippi, Acadia National Park is located along the rugged coastline of Maine near Bar Harbor. This diverse park offers activities for all interests.

Explore the shoreline and the tide pools, or for a different perspective, hop on a cruise tour and learn the history while enjoying the scenery. Back on land, keep your eye out for the moose, deer and black bear that roam the park.

For a place to stay, check out Best Western Acadia Park Inn.

Yosemite National Park

The crown jewel of America’s national parks, Yosemite is the oldest and perhaps the most famous.

Many of the national parks have distinguishing characteristics that set them apart from the others. For Yosemite National Park, the many waterfalls are what draw millions of visitors to the park each year. The diverse landscape also includes the mighty sequoia trees and famous rocks including Half Dome and El Capitan.

In addition to hiking, fishing and rock climbing, Yosemite has been a muse for many photographers. Take a workshop at the Ansel Adams Gallery at Yosemite for tips on capturing your treasured moments.

For a place to stay, check out the Best Western Plus Yosemite Gateway Inn.

Miami Beach

Let’s face it, some of us want to have our cake and eat it too. So, when you want to soak up the sun on a world-class beach during the day and enjoy the glitz and glamour of a big city at night, look no further than Miami Beach.

The cultural hub of South Florida, Miami’s sparking beaches, turquoise waters and vibrant culture draw in millions of visitors from around the world every year. And the city only gets livelier as the sun goes down. Enjoy premier eating establishments globally inspired by Peruvian, Cuban, Caribbean, Asian and American cuisine and then hit the town for a night out in South Beach.

Known as the American Riviera, South Beach is packed with bars, restaurants and entertainment venues so fabulous you have to see them to believe it.

For a place to stay, check out the Best Western Plus Atlantic Beach Resort.

Thousand Islands National Park

Thousand Islands National Park in Ontario, Canada, consists of 21 islands making it a boater’s paradise where you can kayak and canoe your way between the islands.

Your water adventure at Thousand Islands continues with some of the best scuba diving in Ontario. The rich waters support a diverse marine population and shipwrecks may yield treasures.

Mallorytown Landing offers picnic areas perfect for a small quiet bite or picnic shelters can be rented for larger family gatherings. Mallorytown Landing has become a popular launch spot for kite surfers.

For a place to stay, check out the Best Western Fireside Inn.

Limited-Time Summer Offer for AAA Members

AAA Members who stay two nights between June 6-September 4 will get a free night award for future fall/winter travel.

Visit AAA.com/BestWestern to register. Terms and conditions apply.

On a fateful 18th century day, engineer James Watt was conducting research on ponies lifting coal out of a mine. He determined a single pony could exert 22,000 foot-pounds of work in a minute. (In practical terms, this meant lifting 220 pounds 100 feet high or 22 pounds 1,000 feet.) Watt estimated a horse to be 50% stronger than a pony and increased the number to 33,000 foot-pounds per minute. He called his new unit of measurement horsepower.

Devised long before the advent of automobiles and internal combustion engines, horsepower was never meant to describe an engine’s performance. So, as we know it today, what is horsepower? This same question can be applied to many oft-mentioned automotive terms and features. Whether its through television commercials, car-buying research or conversations with your mechanic, you’re likely bombarded with automotive lingo all the time. But do you really know what it all means?

To help you become a more educated motorist, we rounded up and defined a number of car terms you’ve heard of but might not be crystal clear on.

A, B, C, D Pillars

No need to dust off that architecture textbook, these terms are quite simple. Pillars are a vehicle’s roof support structures. The A pillars are found at the front of the car on both sides of the windshield. B pillars are located between the front and rear doors, and C pillars are toward the back of the car on opposite sides of the rear window. On SUVs, wagons and minivans, the C pillars are behind the rear doors and D pillars surround the back window.

Adaptive Cruise Control

This system automatically adjusts a car’s speed in order to maintain a preset distance from the vehicle in front of it. If a slower car moves ahead of you, the adaptive cruise control will reduce your vehicle’s speed, and vice versa. Advanced versions of the system will slow a car down while traveling around corners and adjust speed based on changes in the posted speed limit.

All-Wheel Drive

All-wheel drive is a type of transmission system that directs power from the car’s engine to all four wheels independently. This provides better traction and handling, particularly in adverse conditions.

There are two types of all-wheel drive: full-time and part-time. The former continuously sends power to the front and rear axles. The latter uses sensors the detect when power is needed for each axle and then turns on automatically. When allowable, the part-time system will switch to two-wheel drive to improve fuel economy.

Alternator

An integral part of a vehicle’s charging system, the alternator is responsible for powering a car’s electrical components when the engine is on. It also charges the car battery when driving. Components inside the alternator rotate to create alternating current (AC), which is transformed into a direct current (DC) that, in turn, charges the battery.

Anti-Lock Brakes

Anti-lock braking systems prevent wheels from locking up during heavy braking situations. By releasing and reapplying the brakes, ABS keeps your tires from skidding, which can help you steer your vehicle during a sudden stop. ABS kicks in automatically, utilizing sensors to detect when the wheel is about to lock up.

Catalytic Converter

Part of your car’s exhaust system, the catalytic converter sits underneath the vehicle between the engine and tailpipe. The device contains precious metals that convert toxic emission gases into less-harmful substances such as carbon dioxide and water vapor. These metals are highly valuable, which explains why catalytic converters are some of the most frequently stolen car parts.

Differential

The differential is a system of gears that allows left and right wheels to rotate at different speeds. Without a differential, you wouldn’t be able to turn your car properly.

Four-Wheel Drive

Like all-wheel drive, four-wheel drive (4WD) systems send power to both the front and rear axles. However, with 4WD, the front and rear driveshafts are locked together. This means both axles spin at the same speed, which provides extra traction on off-road conditions. Typically, 4WD is only found in trucks and SUVs suited for off-road use.

What Is Horsepower?

Simply put, horsepower is the measurement of how much power an engine can produce. Generally, the higher the horsepower, the faster the car. But it’s important to note that horsepower refers to the maximum speed an engine can produce and its ability to maintain that speed. It has less to do with how quickly a vehicle can go from 0-60. (There’s another term for that).

Hybrid, PHEV and BEV

The three most common types of electric vehicles are conventional hybrids, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and battery electric vehicles (BEV). Conventional hybrids use both a gasoline engine and an electric motor. The motor cannot be recharged through an external source. Instead, it uses a process known as regenerative braking to capture energy and turn it into electricity. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are also powered by gasoline engines and electric motors. However, their motors can be charged through an electrical outlet. PHEVs also have the ability to run solely on electricity.

Battery electric cars do not have gas-powered engines. All their power comes from an internal battery, which is recharged through an external source.

Learn more about the differences between the types of electric vehicles.

Kilowatt-Hour

You’re likely familiar with kilowatt-hour (or its abbreviation kWh) from your electric bill. It’s the measure of energy an electrical device needs to run for one hour. A 1,000-watt microwave, for example, requires 1 kWh.

The battery capacity of an electric vehicle is measured in kilowatt-hours. They can range significantly, but generally fall between 40 and 100 kWh. If you have a 100-kWh battery, such as the one found in the Tesla Model S, and the vehicle is operating at 25 kWh, you can drive for four hours before needing a charge. Kilowatt-hours are also a consideration when charging your electric vehicle, which takes us back to that electric bill. If you’re looking to fully charge that same 100-kWh battery, and the going rate of electricity is $0.20/kWh, it will cost you $20.

Torque

In technical terms, torque is the twisting force produced by the engine. Essentially, it’s the power needed to accelerate a car from stationary to high speeds. Torque is particularly important in pickup trucks, as it takes more power to move heavier stationary loads.

Spark Plug

A small but integral part of your car’s ignition system, spark plugs provide the spark that ignites the air-fuel mixture inside a combustion engine. This tiny explosion kickstarts the engine’s pistons into motion, creating the power needed to move your car.

Shocks and Struts

These two components of a car’s suspension system are often used interchangeably, but they are separate components with distinctive jobs. Shocks are hydraulic devices that minimize the movement generated by a car’s springs to create a smooth ride. Struts, meanwhile, are structural components found in some cars. In addition to their role in shock absorption, struts are also an integral part of a vehicle’s steering system, impacting brake performance, wheel alignment and turning ability.

Is there an automotive term or component you’re in the dark about that’s not listed? Let us know in the comments below and we’ll shed some light.

As long as people have had cars, they’ve needed to keep them clean. For the majority of car wash history, the process was anything but smooth. Professional cleaning was labor intensive and fairly inefficient, so most people completed the task themselves.

But like nearly every other part of automobile history, the car wash has seen light-years worth of evolution in just a few decades. In the latter half of the 20th century, car washes began to introduce automation. Ever since, the process has continued to advance to the one we have today, where a vehicle can go from mud-, dirt- and grime-riddled to gleaming and glistening in a flash.

Car Wash History Begins

Although there is some debate over which professional car wash was in fact first, the title is widely credited to belong to Automobile Laundry in Detroit, Mich. Frank McCormick and J.W. Hinkle opened the business in 1914.

The actual process of cleaning the car was rudimentary at best. Workers had to physically push the vehicles through several stations that performed different cleaning tasks.

It took several decades for the car wash to become semi-automated. In 1940, an automatic conveyor car wash opened in Hollywood, Calif. But even this process was underdeveloped. It used a winch system to pull the car along, but workers still had to do all the manual labor.

In 1946, the first cleaning aspect of the process became automated when Thomas Simpson designed and built an overhead sprinkler system that washed down vehicles.

Automatic Car Wash History

Car wash history took some major steps forward in the 1950s when a man by the name of Dan Hanna Sr. entered the picture. In 1955, Hanna was vacationing in Mexico. His hotel was located across the street from a car wash, which he became fascinated with. When he returned home to Portland, Ore., he opened his own business, Rub-A-Dub car wash in Milwaukie, Ore.

Hanna quickly realized the need for a more efficient cleaning process and began building and testing new equipment. In 1959, he had finally developed a working model of the first mechanized car-washing system. Not only did he utilize the machinery himself, he put them in other people’s car washes as well.

By the 1960s, Hanna had become the premier manufacturer of car wash equipment. During this time, he made major strides in car wash history, patenting numerous revolutionary car wash inventions including the wraparound brush, soft cloth friction wash and recirculating water system.

Over the years, car wash businesses continued to work to streamline the cleaning process. Around the turn of the century, a new priority came to the forefront: limiting waste. New technology emerged that better recycles and preserves water as well as reduces electricity usage.

The Car Wash Today

The car wash industry has ballooned to become an enormous trade.

There are more than 60,000 car wash locations in the United States, According to the International Carwash Association. More than 2 billion cars are washed each year in North America. This equates to retail sales totaling roughly $15 billion.

Much of this has to do with a shift in consumer trends. In 1994, less than half of all drivers reported last washing their vehicle at a professional car wash. In 2019, that number jumped to 77%.

Types of Car Washes

The evolution of the car wash has resulted in a host of different professional car washing options available to drivers today. These can include:

• Self-Service: Drivers park their cars at a designated bay and pay a small price for access to cleaning equipment, including high-pressure water hoses, sponges and soaps. Car owners must do all the cleaning themselves.
• Automatic: automated car washes pull the car along a conveyor belt and utilize machines to most of the cleaning. These can include soft touch washes, which use cloth to scrub the car, or no touch, which use only high-pressure water and soap.
• Hand Wash: Professional cleaning attendants wash the car completely by hand.

Each method has its advantages and disadvantages in regards to price, time and efficiency. For example, self-service is more labor intensive for the driver but is almost always the cheapest option. Hand washing can be customized to a vehicle’s precise cleaning needs but it a process that costs more and takes a significantly longer time to complete.

Visit NAPA Auto Parts for all your car-washing needs and receive 10% off just for being a AAA member. If you prefer to let the pros handle it, AAA members also receive discounts at ScrubaDub Auto Wash Centers, RoJo Car Wash and Pristine Auto Spa.

Are you a regular car wash patron or do you prefer to washing it yourself? Let us know in the comments below.